Course Description: This course will guide the student along a journey of understanding how the human body operates on a daily basis from birth to death. The presentation of material will assist introductory students with limited backgrounds in the sciences to comprehend the basic concepts of human anatomy and physiology, and the fascinating working mechanisms of our bodies. (45/0/0/0)

Course Objectives: Upon completion of the course, the student will be able to:

1. Define anatomic terms used to refer to the body
2. Describe the major cavities of the body and the organs they contain.
3. Describe the major functions of the different body systems.
4. List the major systems of the body, the organs they contain, and the functions of those systems.
5. Complete associated test(s) with a minimum of 60 percent achievement.

Content Information:

The final grade will be comprised of all test scores, discussion board responses, chat line, correctly submitted weekly assignments, mid-term test, and the comprehensive final.

All assignments must be submitted through the student assignment center by the assigned due date or they will not be graded. No late assignments will be accepted. All assignments must include the first and last name of the student, chapter and exercise number, and the date.

Objectives Chapter Tests	30 percent of final grade
Mid-term Test	10 percent of final grade
Comprehensive Final	30 percent of final grade
Weekly Assignments	15 percent of final grade

Course Expectations: Upon successful completion of this course, students will be able to:

1. Define the anatomic terms used to refer to the body in terms of directions and geometric planes.
2. Describe the major cavities of the body and the organs they contain.
3. Explain what a cell is.
4. Describe the major functions of the four types of human tissue.
5. List the major systems of the body, the organs they contain, and the functions of those systems.
6. Classify epithelial tissue based on shape and arrangement and give examples.
7. Name the types of glands in the body and give examples.
8. Name the functions of connective tissue.
9. Compare epithelial tissue with connective tissue in terms of cell arrangement and interstitial materials.
10. Name the three major types of connective tissue and give examples.
11. List the functions of epithelial tissue.
12. List the three types of muscle and describe each based on structure and function.
13. Describe the anatomy of a neuron and the function of nervous tissue.
14. Name the layers of the epidermis.
15. Define keratinization.
16. Explain why there are skin color differences among people.
17. Describe the anatomic parts of a hair.
18. Compare the two kinds of glands in the skin based on structure and secretion.
19. Explain why sweating is important to survival.
20. Explain how the skin helps to regulate body temperature.
21. Name the functions of the skin.
22. Name the functions of the skeletal system.
23. Name the two types of ossification.
24. Describe why diet can affect bone development in children and bone maintenance in older adults.
25. Describe the histology of compact bone.
26. Define and give examples of bone markings.
27. Name the cranial and facial bones.
28. Name the bones of the axial and appendicular skeleton.
29. Name and describe the three types of joints.
30. Name examples of the two types of synarthroses joints.
31. Name examples of the two types of amphiarthroses joints.
32. Describe and give examples of the six types of diarthroses or synovial joints.
33. Describe the capsular nature of a synovial joint.
34. Describe the three types of bursae.
35. Name some of the disorders of joints.
36. Describe the gross and microscopic anatomy of skeletal muscle.
37. Describe and compare the basic differences between the anatomy of skeletal, smooth, and cardiac muscle.
38. Explain the current concept of muscle contraction based on three factors: neuroelectrical, chemical, and energy sources.
39. Define muscle tone and compare isotonic and isometric contractions.
40. List factors that can cause muscles to malfunction, causing various disorders.
41. Name and identify the location of major superficial muscles of the body.
42. Name the major subdivisions of the nervous system.
43. Classify the different types of neuroglia cells.
44. List the structural and functional classification of neurons.
45. Explain how a neuron transmits a nerve impulse.
46. Name the different types of neural tissues and their definitions.
47. List the principal parts of the brain.
48. Name the functions of the cerebrospinal fluid.
49. List the principle functions of the major parts of the brain.
50. List the 12 cranial nerves and their functions.
51. Name the parts of the autonomic nervous system and describe how it functions.
52. Describe the basic anatomy of the sense organs and explain how they function.
53. List the functions of hormones.
54. Classify hormones into their major chemical categories.
55. Describe how the hypothalamus of the brain controls the endocrine.
56. Name the endocrine glands and state where they are located.
57. List the major hormones and their effects on the body.
58. Describe the functions of blood.
59. Classify the different types of blood cells.
60. Describe the anatomy of erythrocytes relative to their function.
61. Compare the functions of the different leukocytes.
62. Explain how and where blood cells are formed.
63. Explain the clotting mechanism.
64. Name the different blood groups.
65. Describe how the heart is positioned in the thoracic cavity.
66. List and describe the layers of the heart wall.
67. Name the chambers of the heart and their valves.
68. Name the major vessels that enter and exit the heart.
69. Describe blood flow through the heart.
70. Explain how the conduction system of the heart controls proper blood flow.
71. Describe the stages of a cardiac cycle.
72. Compare the anatomy of a vein, artery, and capillary.
73. Name the major blood circulatory routes.
74. Name the functions of the lymphatic system.
75. Explain what lymph is and how it forms.
76. Describe lymph flow through the body.
77. Name the principle lymphatic trunks.
78. Describe the functions of the tonsils and spleen.
79. Explain the unique role the thymus gland plays as part of the lymphatic system.
80. Describe the different types of immunity.
81. List and describe the five basic activities of the digestive process.
82. List the four layers or tunics of the walls of the digestive tract.
83. Name the major and accessory organs of the digestive tract and their component anatomic parts.
84. Explain the major digestive enzymes and how they function.
85. Explain the functions of the liver.
86. Explain how absorption of nutrients occurs in the small intestine and how the feces form in the large intestine.
87. Explain the function of the respiratory system.
88. Name the organs of the system.
89. Define the parts of the internal nose and their functions.
90. Name the three areas of the pharynx and explain their anatomy.
91. Name the cartilages and membranes of the larynx and how they function.
92. Explain how the anatomy of the trachea prevents collapse during breathing and allows for esophageal expansion during swallowing.
93. Explain what is meant by the term bronchia tree.
94. Describe the structure and function of the lungs and pleura.
95. Describe the overall process of gas exchange in the lungs and tissues.
96. Define ventilation, external and internal respiration.
97. Define the function of the urinary system.
98. Name the external layers of the kidney.
99. Define the following internal parts of the kidneys: cortex, medulla, medullary pyramids, renal papillae, renal columns, and major and minor calyces.
100. Name the parts of a nephron and describe the flow of urine through this renal tubule.
101. List the functions of the nephrons.
102. Explain how urine flows down the ureters.
103. Describe micturition and the role of stretch receptors in the bladder.
104. Compare the length and course of the male urethra to the female urethra.
105. Name the internal parts of a testis.
106. Explain the effects of testosterone on the male body.
107. Describe the process of spermatogenesis.
108. Follow the path of a sperm from the seminiferous tubules to the outside.
109. Define semen and what glands contribute to its composition.
110. Name the three parts of the male urethra.
111. Describe the development of a follicle, before and after ovulation.
112. Describe the process of oogenesis.
113. Name the parts of the uterus.
114. Name the external genitalia of the female.
115. Describe the phases of the menstrual cycle.
116. Describe lactation and the function of the mammary glands.
117. Name the phases of labor.

Student Requirements:

1. Have a valid e-mail address
2. E-mail the course instructor prior to the first day of class
3. Have access to the Internet
4. (quantify) Hours a student is expected to work in the course
5. Must obain required access codes, books, lab supplies, and supplemental maerials
6. The student must have computer literacy skills to:
• Save and retrieve files to a location
• Download, save, and open files from a source
• Locate and submit files with an attachment
• Create, edit, save, and retrieve files from a location
• Participate in an online chat room environment
• Navigate the Internet to reach a web site or search the Internet
• Create, open, and read e-mails and attach files in an e-mail
7. Students are strongly encouraged to take the online tutorial and/or non-credit online preparation course.
8. Have adequate computer operating hardware
   (see online course information on the website for hardware requirements)

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